Research Article

Utilization of Modern Contraceptives among HIV Positive Reproductive Age Women in Tigray, Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

Table 4

Bivariate and multivariate analyses of variables associated with contraceptive use among HIV positive women (aged 15–49 years), attending ART units in zonal hospitals, Tigray, North Ethiopia, 2012.

VariableUtilize contraceptiveCrude OR (95% CI)Adjusted OR (95% CI)P-value
Yes (%)No (%)

Educational status
 Illiterate 29 (17.4%)58 (29.9%)11
 Read and write39 (23.3%)46 (23.7%)1.70 (0.92, 3.14) 1.45 (0.66, 3.15)
 Primary (1–8)31 (18.6%)55 (28.4%)1.13 (0.60, 2.11)0.92 (0.41, 2.09)
 Secondary and above (grade 9 and above)68 (40.7%)35 (18.0%)3.89 (2.12, 7.11)*2.85 (1.17, 6.95)**0.02
Occupation 2
 Government employee66 (39.5%)35 (18.0%)11
 Daily laborer35 (21%)49 (25.3%)0.38 (0.21, 0.69)*0.98 (0.43, 2.27)
 House wives 38 (23.8%)73 (37.6%)0.28 (0.16, 0.49)*0.4 (0.17, 0.93)**0.034
 Private employee28 (16.8%)37 (19.1%)0.40 (0.21, 0.76)*0.51 (0.23, 1.12)
Age group (years)
 15–2419 (11.4%)17 (8.8%)11
 25–3497 (58.1%)100 (51.5%)0.87 (0.43, 1.77)0.3 (0.12, 0.79)**0.015
 ≥3551 (30.5%)77 (39.7%)0.59 (0.28, 1.2) 0.31 (0.11, 0.87)**0.026
Grouped monthly income (ETB)
 ≤50067 (40.1%)104 (53.6%)11
 501–150069 (41.3%)71 (36.6%)1.5 (0.96, 2.37)*1.38 (0.77, 2.48)
 1501–250022 (13.2%)13 (6.7%)2.6 (1.24, 5.57)*1.98 (0.76, 5.19)
 ≥25019 (5.4%)6 (3.1%)2.3 (0.79, 6.84)*2.43 (0.66, 8.96)
Counseling service for contraceptive
 Yes165 (47.4%)183 (52.6%)4.96 (1.08, 22.7)*5.07 (0.71, 36.1)
 No2 (15.4%)11 (84.6%)11
Grouped CD4
 ≤250 cells/mm363 (37.7%)50 (25.8%)1.74 (1.1, 2.73)*0.94 (0.50, 1.75)
 >250 cells/mm3104 (62.3%)144 (74.2%)11
Current HAART use
 Yes144 (86.2%)150 (77.3%)1.84 (1.06, 3.20)*3.23 (1.49, 7.01)**0.003
 No23 (13.8%)44 (22.7%)11

Statistical significance in COR, **statistical significance in AOR, OR: odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, and 1: reference.