Nanobiosensors: Concepts and Variations

Table 1

Depiction the overview of  nanomaterials used for improving biosensor technology.

Sr. no.	Nanomaterial; used	Key benefits	References
(1)	Carbon nanotubes	Improved enzyme loading, higher aspect ratios, ability to be functionalized, and better electrical communication	[4–6]
(2)	nanoparticles	Aid in immobilization, enable better loading of bioanalyte, and also possess good catalytic properties	[7–10]
(3)	Quantum dots	Excellent fluorescence, quantum confinement of charge carriers, and size tunable band energy	[11–13]
(4)	Nanowires	Highly versatile, good electrical and sensing properties for bio- and chemical sensing; charge conduction is better	[14–16]
(5)	Nanorods	Good plasmonic materials which can couple sensing phenomenon well and size tunable energy regulation, can be coupled with MEMS, and induce specific field responses	[17–19]