Carbon and Water in Upper Montane Soils and Their Influences on Vegetation in Southern Brazil
Table 2
Chemical properties of the soil horizons of the upper montane ecosystems in Caratuva Peak ( 2–6). Values in parentheses represent the standard errors.
Horizon
Depth (average)
pH
Al+3
H++Al+3
Ca+2
Mg+2
K+
S
CEC
P
BS
Ca/Mg
*Factor cmolc dm−3 to cmolc kg−1
cm
CaCl2
cmolc dm−3
mg dm−3
%
%
Grassland: histosols
O1
0–20
3.2a
1.5b
27.7b
0.9a
0.9a
0.47a
2.3a
26.6b
15.6a
8.0a
40.2a
1.0a
2.6
(0.1)
(0.1)
(2.4)
(0.2)
(0.1)
(0.0)
(0.3)
(1.7)
(1.5)
(1.2)
(4.4)
(0.2)
O2
20–40
3.1a
7.1a
46.8a
0.3b
0.2b
0.1b
0.6b
47.4a
7.7b
1.2b
90.2b
1.2a
2.6
(0.0)
(1.7)
(2.1)
(0.1)
(0.0)
(0.0)
(0.1)
(2.2)
(1.6)
(0.2)
(2.0)
(0.3)
O3/H
40–55
3.1a
9.9a
43.5ab
0.17b
0.17b
0.07b
0.4b
43.9ab
6.03b
1.0b
95.7b
1.2a
2.7
(0.1)
(2.7)
(6.1)
(0.03)
(0.07)
(0.04)
(0.1)
(6.2)
(1.24)
(0.0)
(1.4)
(0.4)
Cg
55–70
3.5
7.25
19.70
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.30
20.00
4.45
1.50
96.00
1.50
1.0
Forest: regosols and gleysols
O1
0–20
2.9b
2.3a
35.9a
0.7a
1.0a
0.46a
2.1a
38.0a
26.0a
5.4a
53.6b
0.6a
2.7
(0.2)
(0.3)
(2.5)
(0.3)
(0.2)
(0.0)
(0.5)
(2.5)
(2.9)
(1.2)
(6.9)
(0.2)
Cg1/Big
20–40
3.4a
3.7a
13.6b
0.1b
0.1b
0.05b
0.3b
13.9b
2.4b
2.2b
92.8a
1.2a
1.0
(0.2)
(0.5)
(1.6)
(0.0)
(0.0)
(0.0)
(0.0)
(1.6)
(0.2)
(0.4)
(0.9)
(0.2)
C
40–60
3.8
3.2
11.3
0.2
0.1
0.05
0.4
11.6
1.5
3.0
89.0
2.0
1.0
Transforming factor from cmolc dm−3 to cmolc kg−1 calculated based on the inverse of the density of the prepared sample for the analysis of each horizon. Averages followed by the same letter in vertical correspond the medians that do not differ statistically by the Kruskall-Wallis test ().
