Similar Adverse Pregnancy Outcome in Native and Nonnative Dutch Women with Pregestational Type 2 Diabetes: A Multicentre Retrospective Study
Table 3
Characteristics of the 13 perinatal deaths in pregnancies of women with type 2 diabetes.
Case
Maternal origin
First trimester HbA1c (mmol/mol)
Mean HbA1c during pregnancy (mmol/mol)
Congenital malformations
Obstetric complications
Gestational age at delivery
Size at birth
Cause of death
1*
Nonnative
65
57
—
Cervical insufficiency
23
—
Prematurity
2*
Nonnative
54
56
—
—
25
AGA
Parvo infection
3*
Nonnative
—
45
—
—
24
SGA
Unexplained
4*
Nonnative
—
78
—
—
36
AGA
Unexplained
5*
Nonnative
80
60
Hypoplastic heart
—
35
LGA
Congenital malformation
6†
Native
—
46
Ventriculomegaly/ cerebral anomalies
Pre-eclampsia
37
AGA
Congenital malformation
7†
Native
—
49
Truncus Arteriosus type 2
—
38
AGA
Congenital malformation
8†
Nonnative
—
—
Cardiac malformation
37
SGA
Congenital malformation
9†
Native
51
46
—
Pre-eclampsia
30
AGA
Infection
10†
Nonnative
—
76
—
PROM
26
AGA
Prematurity
11†
Nonnative
—
—
—
Chorioamnionitis
22
SGA
Prematurity
12†
Nonnative
—
32
—
PROM
33
AGA
PROM
13†
Nonnative
69
64
—
Vacuumextraction
36
LGA
Tension pneumothorax
Stillbirth, †neonatal death, PROM: premature rupture of membranes, SGA: small for gestational age (<10th percentile), AGA: appropriate for gestational age, LGA: large for gestational age (>90th percentile).