Electrical Conduction in (Na_0.5Bi_0.5)_1−𝑥Ba_𝑥TiO₃(0≤𝑥≤1) Ceramic by Complex Impedance/Modulus Spectroscopy

Table 1

The values of density, grain size, dielectric constant (𝜀_𝑟), loss tangent (tan 𝛿), and piezoelectric coefficient (𝑑₃₃) at room temperature of (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_1−𝑥Ba_𝑥TiO₃ samples.

Samples	Density (g/cm^3)	Grain size (𝜇m)	𝜀𝑟(RT/10 kHz)	tan 𝛿 (RT/10 kHz)	𝑑33 (pC/N)
BNT	4.85	3.51	673	0.26	17
0.98BNT-0.02BT	5.008	1.82	672	0.32	22
0.96BNT-0.04BT	5.078	2.97	545	0.11	50
0.95BNT-0.05BT	5.144	3.08	724	0.47	95
0.94BNT-0.06BT	5.234	3.01	871	0.08	124
0.92BNT-0.08BT	5.248	2.4	951	0.11	112
0.90BNT-0.10BT	5.382	2.76	1110	0.09	103
BT	6.02	1.6	1200	0.03	101 ± 5