Research Article
Variability of Soil Physical Properties in a Clay-Loam Soil and Its Implication on Soil Management Practices
Table 2
Variogram parameters for soil physical properties at four depths in a clay-loam soil.
| | Depth (cm) | Model | Nugget () | Sill () | Range () | | () | DSD (%) |
| | GWC | | | | | | | | | 0–10 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 6.42 | 0.12 | 0.94 | 0.01 | | 10–20 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 64.26 | 0.75 | 0.52 | 0.29 | | 20–40 | Spherical | 0.00 | 0.00 | 7.17 | 0.11 | 1.00 | 0.00 | | 40–60 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 4.56 | 0.01 | 0.99 | 0.00 | | VWC | | | | | | | | | 0–10 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 6.21 | 0.31 | 0.94 | 0.01 | | 10–20 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 11.82 | 0.44 | 0.89 | 0.04 | | 20–40 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5.88 | 0.17 | 0.97 | 0.00 | | 40–60 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.45 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | | BDY | | | | | | | | | 0–10 | Linear | 0.01 | 0.01 | 25.77 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 1.18 | | 10–20 | Exponential | 0.02 | 0.04 | 40.17 | 0.93 | 0.50 | 0.04 | | 20–40 | Spherical | 0.00 | 0.01 | 7.42 | 0.20 | 0.95 | 0.07 | | 40–60 | Linear | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.77 | 0.39 | 0.00 | 0.44 | | TPS | | | | | | | | | 0–10 | Linear | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.77 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.16 | | 10–20 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.01 | 14.64 | 0.79 | 0.81 | 0.13 | | 20–40 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 7.50 | 0.21 | 0.90 | 0.03 | | 40–60 | Linear | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.77 | 0.47 | 0.00 | 0.07 | | VAC | | | | | | | | | 0–10 | Linear | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.77 | 0.25 | 0.00 | 0.48 | | 10–20 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.73 | 0.00 | 0.86 | 0.06 | | 20–40 | Exponential | 0.01 | 0.00 | 7.62 | 0.35 | 0.92 | 0.07 | | 40–60 | Linear | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.77 | 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.23 | | WFPS | | | | | | | | | 0–10 | Linear | 107.28 | 107.28 | 25.77 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 10727.60 | | 10–20 | Spherical | 10.80 | 135.30 | 5.38 | 0.00 | 0.92 | 1173.91 | | 20–40 | Exponential | 3.50 | 66.49 | 7.47 | 0.27 | 0.95 | 369.59 | | 40–60 | Linear | 55.49 | 55.49 | 25.77 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 5549.30 | | AFPS | | | | | | | | | 0–10 | Linear | 107.28 | 107.28 | 25.77 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 10727.6 | | 10–20 | Spherical | 10.80 | 135.30 | 5.38 | 0.00 | 0.92 | 1173.91 | | 20–40 | Exponential | 3.50 | 66.49 | 7.47 | 0.27 | 0.95 | 369.588 | | 40–60 | Linear | 55.49 | 55.49 | 25.77 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 5549.30 | | DIFF | | | | | | | | | 0–10 | Linear | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.77 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.11 | | 10–20 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 4.71 | 0.00 | 0.85 | 0.00 | | 20–40 | Exponential | 0.00 | 0.00 | 4.53 | 0.05 | 0.93 | 0.01 | | 40–60 | Linear | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.77 | 0.19 | 0.00 | 0.05 | | TORT | | | | | | | | | 0–10 | Linear | 2.12 | 2.12 | 25.77 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 211.80 | | 10–20 | Exponential | 17.80 | 126.10 | 8.10 | 0.19 | 0.86 | 2072.20 | | 20–40 | Exponential | 0.18 | 1.74 | 13.20 | 0.58 | 0.90 | 19.44 | | 40–60 | Linear | 1.24 | 1.24 | 25.77 | 0.16 | 0.00 | 123.68 |
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DSD: Degree of spatial dependence: strong DSD (DSD ≤ 25%), moderate DSD (25 < DSD ≤ 75%), weak DSD (DSD > 75%) according to Cambardella et al., (1994) [14].
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