Review Article
The Destructive Capacity of Drug Abuse: An Overview Exploring the Harmful Potential of Drug Abuse Both to the Individual and to Society
Table 1
Acute effects of opioids and rebound withdrawal symptoms [
12] commonly experienced upon cessation of heroin.
| Acute action | Withdrawal sign |
| Analgesia | Pain and irritability | Respiratory depression | Hyperventilation | Euphoria | Dysphoria and depression | Relaxation and sleep | Restlessness and insomnia | Tranquilization | Fearfulness and hostility | Constipation | Diarrhoea | Decreased blood pressure | Increased blood pressure | Pupillary constriction | Pupillary dilation | Hypothermia | Hyperthermia | Reduced sex drive | Spontaneous ejaculation | Flushed warm skin | Cold skin | Drying of secretions | Lacrimation and runny nose |
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