Job-Education Mismatch and Its Impact on the Earnings of Immigrants: Evidence from Recent Arrivals to Canada

Table 3

The incidence of over-education among different subgroups of immigrants (% of each relevant group that is over-educated).

	Wave 1	Wave 2	Wave 3
Gender
Male	76.27	72.51	70.35
Female	71.76	68.89	64.61
Marital status
Married	77.31	75.89	72.20
Not married	59.35	49.40	48.04
Age
25−34	82.25	81.39	75.01
35−44	81.77	79.57	76.34
45−54	62.05	60.67	64.36
55−64	41.24	47.05	48.21
Highest level of education
Some elementary or elementary	2.51	1.48	1.79
Some high school	7.01	3.73	2.81
High school graduation	20.97	19.66	16.80
Some trade or apprenticeship training	56.08	52.24	51.38
Trade certificate	60.87	54.73	58.47
Some college	66.22	67.77	61.68
College/CEGEP	76.56	77.09	75.25
Some university	85.53	83.03	79.95
Bachelor's degree	90.92	89.62	82.67
Master's degree	94.35	92.90	87.09
Degree in medicine or law	95.72	96.60	89.52
Doctorate	87.30	90.71	86.86

Source: author’s compilation using data from LSIC. All statistics are population weighted using the LSIC sampling weights.