Clinical Study

Learning Curve for D2 Lymphadenectomy in Gastric Cancer

Table 2

Description of postoperative complications (according to Clavien). 89 patients with lymphadenectomy D1 and 44 with D2. Pancreatic fistula described by the ISGPF classification [14].

CLAVIEND1D2

Grade I: no action
 Evisceration51
 Postoperative bleeding1
 Pancreatic fistula grade A1
Grade II requires medication
 Intra-abdominal abscess92
 Central venous catheter-related infection 4
 Anastomotic leakage4
 Urinary tract infection 3
 Pneumonia31
 Surgical wound infection22
 Pancreatic fistula grade B1
 Pancreatitis1
Grade IIIa requires intervention without general anesthesia
 Surgical wound infection61
 Intra-abdominal abscess6
 Anastomotic leakage2
Grade IIIb requires intervention with general anesthesia
 Anastomotic leakage41
 Evisceration2
 Intra-abdominal abscess2
 Wound bleeding11
 Postoperative bleeding2
 Pancreatic fistula grade C1
 Intestinal occlusion1
Grade IVa: organ failure-ICU
 Acute myocardial infarction13
 Pneumonia1
Grade IVb: multiorgan failure-ICU
 Acute myocardial infarction1
 Iatrogenic colon perforation1
 Pneumonia1
Grade V: death
 Cardiac arrhythmia1
 Multiorgan failure31
 Heart failure1
 Kidney failure1
 Liver failure1
 Postsurgical pancreatitis1