Diabetes and Risk of Cancer

Table 1

Cancer risks in diabetes.

Study method (reference)	First author (year of publication)	Country	Sample	Followup duration	Risk of cancer among DM participants (95% CI or 𝑃 value)
Prospective cohort [23]	Jee, 2005	Korea	1,298,385	10 years	Men HR = 1.24 (1.20–1.28); Women HR = 1.33 (1.25–1.41)
Prospective cohort [40]	Yeh, 2012	USA	18,280 (599 diabetic subjects)	17 years (exclusion of cancer cases in first 2 years)	HR = 1.22 (0.98–1.53)
Retrospective cohort [41]	Lee, 2012	Taiwan	985,815 (104,343 diabetic subjects)	11 years	RR = 1.56 (1.43–1.71)
Retrospective cohort [42]	Lo, 2012	Taiwan	895,434 in DM cohort and 895,434 in controls	13 years	HR = 1.19 (1.17–1.20)
Prospective cohort [43]	Hense, 2011	Germany	26,742 diabetic subjects	5 years	SIR = 1.14 (1.10 –1.21)
Retrospective cohort [44]	Geraldine, 2012	Belgium	17,746 (13,737 diabetic subjects)	Mean observation time: 5 years	HR=1.84 (1.51–2.24)
Retrospective cohort [45]	Zhang, 2012	China	7950 diabetic subjects	Mean observation time: 8 years	Men SIR = 1.331 (1.143–1.518); Women SIR = 1.737 (1.478–1.997)
Meta-analysis [38]	Noto, 2011	12 cohorts	257,222 diabetes subjects	—	Men RR = 1.14 (1.06–1.1.23); Women RR = 1.18 (1.08–1.28)
Meta-analysis [39]	Noto, 2010	4 cohort and; 1 case-control study, all Japanese	250,479 subjects	—	OR = 1.70 (1.38–2.10)