Biomarker Profile Does Not Predict Weight Loss Success in Successful and Unsuccessful Diet-Reduced Obese Individuals: A Prospective Study
Table 2
Hormone and cytokine levels before and after weight loss.
Subject characteristics and analytesa
≥8% WLG
<8% WLG
Baseline ()
4 months ()
Baseline ()
4 months ()
Weight (kg)
87.9 ± 12.6
78.2 ± 11.4
89.7 ± 15.8
88.4 ± 18.8b
BMI (kg/m2)
31.6 ± 3.5
28.27 ± 3.32
32.4 ± 4.3
31.51 ± 5.51b
Amylin (pg/mL)
38.3 (24.6–59.4)
41.0 (26.3–64.1)
24.4 (11.3–52.7)
21.8 (8.4–56.6)
C-Peptide (pg/mL)
1,030 (852–1,244)
891 (736–1,077)c
904 (649–1,260)
948 (663–1,356)
GIP (pg/mL)
93.8 (84.5–104.1)
89.8 (80.8–99.8)
83.3 (69.4–99.9)
90.2 (71.7–113.4)
Ghrelin (pg/mL)
28.2 (24.0–33.1)
32.6 (27.6–38.4)
23.8 (17.95–31.6)
28.2 (19.3–41.1)
GLP-1 (pg/mL)
7.90 (5.73–10.89)
7.50 (5.42–10.38)
4.83 (2.75–8.47)
4.46 (2.28–8.73)
IL-6 (pg/mL)
2.48 (1.91–3.24)
2.83 (2.16–3.70)
2.73 (1.72–4.33)
1.71 (0.93–3.13)
Insulin (pg/mL)
665 (573–772)
541 (465–628)c
532 (410–690)
461 (339–626)
Leptin (ng/mL/kg fat)d
0.83 (0.70–0.98)
0.58 (0.49–0.69)c
0.84 (0.62–1.13)
0.87 (0.61–1.23)e,f
MCP-1 (pg/mL)
81.5 (74.5–89.2)
81.6 (74.5–89.4)
86.0 (73.5–100.7)
72.96 (60.3–88.3)
PP (pg/mL)
81.3 (55.8–118.6)
64.8 (44.2–94.9)
57.7 (29.8–111.6)
44.4 (20.1–97.99)
PYY (pg/mL)
44.6 (33.1–60.1)
45.4 (33.5–61.5)
51.7 (30.6–87.2)
40.6 (21.0–78.4)
TNF-α (pg/mL)
3.76 (3.34–4.22)
3.86 (3.43–4.35)
3.72 (3.04–4.57)
3.24 (2.48–4.24)
WLG: weight loss group; GIP: gastric inhibitory peptide; GLP: glucagon-like peptide; IL: interleukin; MCP: monocyte chemotactic protein; PP: pancreatic polypeptide; PYY: peptide YY; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
aMean ± SD for subject characteristics and geometric mean (95% confidence interval) for analytes.
b for difference in change from baseline to 4 months between weight loss groups.
c for ratio of baseline to 4-month measurements within weight loss group.
dAdjusted for fat mass.
e for difference between 4-month measurements between weight loss groups.
f for difference in change from baseline to 4 months between weight loss groups.