Predictors of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV/AIDS Patients in the Upper West Region of Ghana
Table 3
Logistic regression of patient characteristics associated with medication adherence.
Characteristic
Total
Nonadherent
Adherent
OR (95% CI)
value
aOR (95% CI)
value
Food restriction
Yes
183 (91.5)
71 (38.8)
112 (61.2)
0.7 (0.2–1.9)
0.3896
Other ailments
Yes
29 (14.4)
20 (69.0)
9 (31.0)
0.2 (0.1–0.5)
0.0004
0.3 (0.1–0.8)
0.0178
No*
167 (85.2)
54 (32.3)
113 (67.7)
1
1
Side effects
Yes
35 (17.4)
26 (74.2)
9 (25.7)
0.2 (0.1–0.4)
<0.0001
0.2 (0.1–0.6)
0.0016
No*
166 (82.6)
50 (30.1)
116 (69.9)
1
1
Perceived difficulty of drug regimen
Simple*
94 (46.8)
41 (43.6)
53 (56.4)
1
Moderate
100 (49.8)
31 (31.0)
69 (69.0)
1.7 (1.0–3.1)
0.0701
Difficult
7 (3.4)
4 (57.1)
3 (42.9)
0.6 (0.1–2.7)
0.4916
Perceived well-being
Normal*
143 (71.5)
69 (48.3)
74 (51.7)
1
1
Very healthy
54 (27.0)
5 (9.3)
49 (90.7)
9.0 (3.4–23.9)
<0.0001
4.2 (1.5–12.1)
0.0078
Sick
3 (1.5)
2 (66.7)
1 (33.3)
0.5 (0.1–5.2)
0.5299
Disclosure
Yes
158 (79.0)
63 (39.9)
95 (60.1)
1.5 (0.7–3.1)
0.2915
No*
42 (21.0)
13 (31.0)
29 (69.0)
1
Family support
Yes
139 (69.2)
46 (33.1)
93 (66.9)
1.9 (1.1–3.5)
0.0401
0.9 (0.4–2.0)
0.7683
No*
62 (30.8)
30 (48.4)
32 (51.6)
1
1
Followup
Regular
158 (78.6)
42 (26.6)
116 (73.4)
10.4 (4.6–23.6)
<0.0001
6.9 (2.8–17.0)
<0.0001
Irregular*
43 (21.4)
34 (79.1)
9 (20.9)
1
1
Reference. Data are presented as proportions. Regular followup implies more than 90% attendance at 3 monthly appointments. OR: odds ratio, aOR: adjusted odds ratio, CI: confidence interval. Data may not add up to 201 due to missing data. Other ailments (0: no; 1: yes); perception of well-being (1: normal; 2: very healthy; 3: sick); side effects (0: no; 1: yes); support from family (0: no; 1: yes); followup (0: irregular; 1: regular-0) Perceived difficulty of drug regimen (simple: 1; moderate: 2; difficult: 3) Disclosure (yes: 1; no: 0).
