Gait Performance and Lower-Limb Muscle Strength Improved in Both Upper-Limb and Lower-Limb Isokinetic Training Programs in Individuals with Chronic Stroke
Table 3
Mean (SD), range, and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the laboratory self-selected and maximal gait speeds (m/s) and mean (SD) for the related peak positive power of the affected plantarflexors, hip flexors, and extensors for the experimental (lower-limb training—) and control (upper-limb training—) groups at pre- and posttraining.
Self-selected speed (m/s)
Maximal speed (m/s)
Statistics
Experimental
Control
b
Experimental
Control
b
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Mean (SD)
0.56 (0.19)
0.59a (0.18)
0.68 (0.30)
0.78a (0.28)
0.1
0.92 (0.41)
0.98a (0.39)
1.08 (0.43)
1.13a (0.46)
0.3
Range:
Min
0.29
0.35
0.30
0.38
0.29
0.35
0.30
0.40
Max
0.93
0.95
1.39
1.24
1.65
1.74
1.71
1.89
95% CI:
Lower bound
0.45
0.49
0.51
0.63
0.69
0.77
0.84
0.88
Upper bound
0.66
0.69
0.84
0.94
1.15
1.19
1.32
1.38
Peak positive power (W/kg)
Plantarflexors
0.63 (0.43)
0.74 (0.53)
1.19 (1.25)
1.32 (1.09)
0.2
1.14 (0.74)
1.39 (0.77)
1.86 (1.46)
1.62 (1.30)
0.3
Hip flexors
0.37 (0.17)
0.43a (0.14)
0.45 (0.37)
0.55a (0.41)
0.3
0.85 (0.67)
0.90 (0.47)
0.88 (0.64)
1.05 (0.61)
0.7
Hip extensors
0.12 (0.08)
0.14 (0.12)
0.19 (0.17)
0.29 (0.38)
0.1
0.43 (0.34)
0.48a (0.37)
0.61 (0.43)
0.91a (0.82)
0.1
(pretraining value versus posttraining value).
b value is comparison between experimental and control groups.
