Explaining Protectionism Support: The Role of Economic Factors
Table 4
Protectionism opinion—verification of trade theory predictions.
4.1—interaction effects, H–O model
4.2—the effects of education per country size
4.3—with activity sectors
4.4—with comparative advantage index
4.5—with comparative (dis)advantage
Probability
55.38%
55.4%
55.79%
55.44%
55.44%
EDUYRS
−0.024**
−0.024**
−0.018*
−0.023**
−0.023**
(0.010)
(0.010)
(0.010)
(0.010)
(0.010)
LGNIPC
0.250***
(0.064)
EDUIPC
−0.008***
(0.002)
EDUYRS high
−0.023***
(0.002)
EDUYRS middle
−0.008**
(0.004)
Industry
0.049***
(0.015)
Agriculture
0.117***
(0.039)
Service
0.026**
(0.013)
CAI
−0.001**
(0.000)
ADV
0.012
(0.025)
DADV
0.060***
(0.016)
Observations
23159
23159
23159
23159
23159
Pseudo -squared
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
*Significant at 10%; **significant at 5%; ***significant at 1%. Source: see Table 2. Robust standard errors in brackets.
All models 3.2 include dummy variables per country of residence. All models include the same set of control variables not included in Table 3 (female, age, age2, upper class, lincome, attend religion, chauvinism, pride).