Better Rooting Procedure to Enhance Survival Rate of Field Grown Malaysian Eksotika Papaya Transformed with 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Oxidase Gene

Table 5

Effects of vermiculite and perlite supplementations on roots development of putative transgenic papaya shoots.

Rooting medium	Total number of shoots used	Rooting percentage (%)	Days to visible root	Number of primary roots	Mean roots length (cm)	Number of leaves abscised
Vermiculite + 1/2 MS (sterile)	60	92.5	10	4.8^a	4.16^a	1.2^d
Vermiculite + water (sterile)	60	50.0	23	2.1^c	1.61^c	4.7^a
Perlite + 1/2 MS (sterile)	60	77.5	15	3.1^b	2.56^b	3.2^c
Perlite + water (sterile)	60	47.5	22	1.2^d	1.31^c	5.1^a
Vermiculite + water (nonsterile)	60	35.0	25	0.9^d	1.09^d	4.3^b
Perlite + water (nonsterile)	60	23.8	26	0.8^d	0.89^e	5.2^a

Means with the same letters are not significantly different at 𝑃<.05.