Floristic Composition, Structure, and Species Associations of Dry Miombo Woodland in Tanzania

Table 2

Plant communities and species associations in the dry Miombo woodlands of Gangalamtumba VLFR. Community numbers 1, 3, 5, and 24 represent the different plant associations: 𝑛_species: number of species (77 in total) with Dbh ≥ 5 cm; IV+: species indicator value; mean ± std. error; and BA is basal area.

Community	Associated species	Family	Habit	IV+ (%)	Constancy (%)	𝑃 value	Stems/ha	BA; m^2/ha	Mean Dbh
Brachystegia spiciformis—Diplorhynchus condylocarpon—Lannea schweinfurthii woodland; 1 (𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐬 = 47, 𝐧𝐩𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐬 = 9); Site variables (mean ± SE): Elev = 1200±20, pH15 = 6.44±0.13, Ca15 = 6.04±1.28, Sand15 = 72.1±4.31, Clay15 = 13.7±1.88, Silt15 = 14.2±3.35, CNrat30 = 13.5±0.5 and BS = 52.6±6.5	Brachystegia spiciformis	Caesalpiniaceae	T	82.0	100	0.0002	164±59	3.56±0.77	13.8±0.7
	Diplorynchus condylocarpon	Apocynaceae	T	75.9	89	0.0008	66±18	0.44±0.13	8.2±0.5
	Lannea schweinfurthii	Anacardiaceae	T	71.9	100	0.0004	49±14	0.72±0.22	12.6±0.9
	Boscia angustifolia	Capparaceae	T	53.6	56	0.0056	27±12	0.14±0.07	7.6±0.6
	Euphorbia cuneata	Euphorbiaceae	ST	42.8	44	0.0200	42±19	0.12±0.06	6.5±0.6
	Other species	—	—	—	—	—	1075±574	10.07±6.47	10.2±0.3
	Subtotal						𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟑±𝟏𝟕𝟒	𝟏𝟓.𝟎𝟓±𝟏.𝟕𝟖	𝟏𝟎.𝟗±𝟎.𝟑
Dalbergia arbutifolia—Commiphora africana—Albizia petersiana woodland; 3 ( 𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐬 = 55, 𝐧𝐩𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐬 = 16) Site variables (mean ± SE): Elev = 986±19, pH15 = 6.48±0.09, Ca15 = 8.56±1.09, Sand15 = 76.7±1.56, Clay15 = 13.5±1.55, Silt15 = 9.7±0.96, CNrat30 = 10.6±0.3 and BS = 74.4±4.4	Dalbergia arbutifolia	Fabaceae, subfamily Papilionoideae	ST	79.3	100	0.0002	500±123	2.63±0.64	7.7±0.2
	Commiphora africana	Burseraceae	T	54.2	94	0.0026	187±40	2.72±0.64	11.9±0.6
	Albizia petersiana	Mimosacea	T	53.6	75	0.0200	157±57	1.03±0.40	8.4±0.2
	Sclerocarrya birrea	Anacardiaceae	T	50.4	63	0.0186	40±11	1.28±0.45	16.8±1.7
	Other species	—	—	—	—	—	852±449	6.69±3.77	8.8±0.3
	Subtotal						𝟏𝟕𝟑𝟓±𝟏𝟔𝟔	𝟏𝟒.𝟑𝟓±𝟎.𝟕𝟏	𝟗.𝟐±𝟎.𝟐
Acacia sp.—Acacia abyssinica—; Albizia amara woodland; 5 ( 𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐬 = 33, 𝐧𝐩𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐬 = 5); Site variables  (mean ± SE): Elev = 986±52, pH15 = 7.34±0.23, Ca15 = 13.9±3.3, Sand15 = 74.5±6.78, Clay15 = 14.8±4.7, Silt15 = 10.7±2.6, CNrat30 = 10.6±0.7 and BS = 96.3±8.9	Acacia sp.	Mimosaceae	T	98.1	100	0.0002	269±111	6.62±2.86	17.2±1.4
	Acacia abyssinica	Mimosaceae	T	59.4	80	0.0030	31±9	0.60±0.32	9.9±0.8
	Albizia amara	Mimosaceae	T	55.2	60	0.0066	54±30	0.23±0.16	7.1±0.8
	Grewia bicolor	Tiliaceae	ST	53.3	60	0.0106	113±52	0.40±0.17	7.0±0.4
	Acacia seyal	Mimosaceae	T	43.3	60	0.0526	62±34	0.34±0.17	9.0±0.5
	Other species	—	—	—	—	—	665±533	5.52±4.98	7.2±0.4
	Subtotal						𝟏𝟏𝟗𝟒±𝟏𝟔𝟗	𝟏𝟑.𝟔𝟕±𝟑.𝟒𝟕	𝟏𝟎.𝟏±𝟎.𝟓
Bauhinia petersiana—Shrebera trichoclada woodland; 24 (𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐬=𝟑𝟓, 𝐧𝐩𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐬=𝟓); Site variables (mean ± SE): Elev = 1175±25, pH15 = 7.3±0.4, Ca15 = 25.4±6.9, Sand15 = 52.2±6.8, Clay15 = 33.1±2.8,; Silt15 = 14.7±4.4, CNrat30 = 9.61±1.3 and BS = 104.1±20.4	Bauhinia petersiana	Caesalpiniaceae	SH	55.1	80	0.0118	192±121	1.11±0.50	7.5±0.3
	Shrebera trichoclada	Oleaceae	T	50.5	60	0.0110	57±32	0.22±0.13	8.0±0.5
	Manilkara mochisia	Sapotaceae	T	37.6	40	0.0332	34±27	0.14±0.09	6.9±1.0
	Dalbergia melanoxylon	Fabaceae	T	37.0	40	0.0380	68±58	0.26±0.22	6.6±0.3
	Ehretia amoena	Boraginaceae	ST	34.7	40	0.0344	6±4	0.02±0.01	7.0±0.4
	Other species	—	—	—	—	—	982±759	6.43±4.79	9.9±0.5
	Subtotal						𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟖±𝟏𝟑𝟕	𝟖.𝟏𝟕±𝟎.𝟖𝟕	𝟗.𝟏±𝟎.𝟒
	Total						1521±594	13.55±5.52	9.8±0.1

Elev: elevation (m); CNrat30: C : N ratio at 15–30 cm depth; Sand15: sand (%) at 0–15 cm; Clay15: clay (%) at 0–15 cm; Silt15: silt (%) at 0–15 cm; Ca15: Ca²⁺ (cmol(+)/kg) at 0–15 cm; pH15: soil pH at 0–15 cm; BS: % base saturation at 0–15 cm.