Current Trends in Bioethanol Production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Substrate, Inhibitor Reduction, Growth Variables, Coculture, and Immobilization

Table 2

Composition of some lignocellulosic biomass (in percentage).

S. cerevisiae strain	Substrate	Pretreatment	Composition (A) of substrates before and after pretreatment						Ethanol produced (g/L)	References
			Cellulose		Hemicellulose		Lignin
			Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
CBS 8066	Oil palm empty fruit bunches	H3PO4 and fungi	39.13	53.81	23.04	9.07	34.37	37.22	23 (B)	[5]
TISTR 5596	Thai Mission grass	NaOH	47.2		27.3		18.2		16 (C)	[8]
ATCC 26602	Wheat straw	H2O2	42.8	63.5	23.8	23.6	15.1	9.1	10	[10]
MCAB-H	Cashew apple bagasse	H2SO4	20.9	27.2	16.3	5.3	33.6	50.3	9.59	[26]
L3262a	Empty palm fruit bunch fibers	NaOH	39.8	58.0	17.3	21.1	28.8	8.8	62.5 (D)	[12]
MTCC 174	Sugar cane bagasse	NaOH	43	55.2	24	31.6	20	8.3	15.4	[27]

(A) The extractives and ashes are included in compositional analysis; (B) there was additional pretreatment with white-rot fungus Pleurotus floridanus; (C) the hydrolysates were overlimed at pH 10; and (D) the fermentation was carried out under simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with cellulase and yeast.