Nonmotor Symptoms in Early- and Advanced-Stage Parkinson’s Disease Patients on Dopaminergic Therapy: How Do They Correlate with Quality of Life?

Table 1

Comparative statistics of demographic and basic clinical data and of scores of selected screening and diagnostic instruments.

	All	ES	AS	𝑃 value of 𝑡-test*
𝑁	100	47	53
Gender	50 M : 50 F	26 M : 21 F	24 M : 29 F
Hoehn and Yahr score	2.6±0.7 (1–5)	2.0±0.4 (1–2.5)	3.2±0.4 (3–5)	<0.01
Age (±SD); years	65.5±8.8 (47–85)	62.9±8.0 (47–76)	67.9±8.9 (47–85)	<0.01
Disease duration; years	5.9±4.4 (0.5–19)	4.1±3.4 (0.5–14)	7.5±4.6 (0.5–19)	<0.01
LEDD; mg	935.5±476.6 (100–2000)	702.1±337.0 (100–1500)	1142.5±489.1 (300–2000)	<0.01
NMSQuest score^○	11.3±4.6 (0–20)	9.6±4.4 (0–18)	12.8±4.4 (1–20)	<0.01
NMSS total score^○	44.2±26.7 (1–170)	37.7±20.5 (1–82)	50±30.2 (11–170)	=0.02
PDQ-8 summary index^○	29.3±17.8 (0–69)	21.9±15.0 (0–53)	35.8±17.6 (0–69)	<0.01

Abbreviations: AS: advanced-stage Parkinson’s disease; ES: early-stage Parkinson’s disease; M: male; F: female; LEDD: levodopa equivalent daily dose.
*Comparison between early-stage and advanced-stage patients.
^○For explanation, see Section 2.2.
Values are displayed as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation (range).