Nonmotor Symptoms in Early- and Advanced-Stage Parkinson’s Disease Patients on Dopaminergic Therapy: How Do They Correlate with Quality of Life?
Table 2
Correlations expressed as Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between quality of life measure and selected variables of interest.
PDQ-8
All
ES
AS
Rho
value
Rho
value
Rho
value
Age
0.078
0.442
0.101
0.497
−0.056
0.688
Disease duration
0.011
−0.065
0.663
0.246
0.076
LEDD
0.161
0.109
−0.177
0.234
0.076
0.589
Hoehn and Yahr score
<0.001
—
—
—
—
NMSQuest○
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
NMSS total○
<0.001
0.002
<0.001
NMSS domain
Cardiovascular
0.009
0.144
0.334
0.036
Sleep/fatigue
<0.001
0.023
0.001
Mood/apathy
<0.001
<0.001
0.011
Perceptual problems
0.022
0.147
0.324
0.191
0.172
Attention/memory
<0.001
<0.001
0.006
Gastrointestinal
0.008
0.248
0.092
0.256
0.064
Urinary
0.136
0.176
−0.124
0.407
0.202
0.146
Sexual function
0.146
0.147
0.089
0.554
0.268
0.053
Miscellaneous
0.011
0.264
0.073
0.148
0.291
Abbreviations: AS: advanced-stage Parkinson’s disease; ES: early-stage Parkinson’s disease; LEDD: levodopa equivalent daily dose. ○For explanation, see Section 2.2. The strength of the association for correlation coefficients is interpreted as follows: *0.20 to 0.39, weak; **0.40 to 0.59, moderate; ***0.60 to 0.79, strong; significant values are bold.
