International Scholarly Research Notices / 2014 / Article / Tab 1 / Review Article
Do Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells (Treg Cells) Play a Role in the Immunopathogenesis of Primary/Idiopathic Minimal Change Disease? Table 1 Studies supporting Treg cell involvement in the immunopathogenesis of minimal change disease.
Reference Disease Population Immunopathogenic findings [6 ] MCD or FSGS 38 children More infiltrating T cells when compared to controls but reduced number of infiltrating Foxp3+ T cells in both MCD and FSGS patients [7 ] INS 41 children Decreased numbers of peripheral CD39+ Foxp3+ Treg cells and impaired ATP catabolism [8 ] MCD 21 Adults Similar number of Foxp3+ Treg cells compared to controls but reduced suppressive function during active disease [9 ] MCD 25 adults Increased circulating Th17 cells over Treg cells when compared to controls, which correlated with severity of proteinuria. Ratios reverted upon steroid therapy in most patients [10 ] INS 36 children Increased circulating Th17 cells over Treg cells when compared to controls, together with increased intrarenal IL-17 expression [11 ] MCD + IPEX 5-year-old boy The occurrence of MCD in IPEX syndrome, where Treg cells are deficient, suggests a possible pathogenic association
FSGS: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; INS: idiopathic nephrotic syndrome; IPEX: immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy X-linked syndrome; MCD: minimal change disease.