Grade 2 and 3 Obesity and Diagnosed Prostate Cancer in Middle-Aged and Elderly Men: An Epidemiologic Study with Stratified Multistage Sampling Design

Table 3

Adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs of diagnosed prostate cancer associated with grades of obesity in men aged 40 years or older in NHANES 2001–2010.

Levels of obesity	Odds ratios and 95% CIs
	Model I	Model II	Model III	Model IV	Model V
Overweight; (25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m^2)	0.99 (0.69, 1.42)	1.05 (0.74, 1.50)	1.05 (0.74, 1.50)	1.04 (0.72, 1.52)	0.98 (0.66, 1.44)
Grade 1 obesity; (30 ≤ BMI < 35 kg/m^2)	0.95 (0.66, 1.37)	1.00 (0.70, 1.42)	1.00 (0.70, 1.43)	0.93 (0.64, 1.36)	0.89 (0.60, 1.32)
Grade 2 obesity; (35 ≤ BMI < 40 kg/m^2)	0.62 (0.36, 1.07)	0.67 (0.38, 1.17)	0.67 (0.38, 1.18)	0.69 (0.39, 1.24)	0.63 (0.35, 1.14)
Grade 3 obesity; (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m^2)	0.81 (0.28, 2.30)	1.03 (0.35, 3.03)	1.04 (0.36, 3.05)	1.09 (0.37, 3.20)	1.08 (0.36, 3.18)
Morbid obesity; (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m^2)	0.68 (0.39, 1.17)	0.77 (0.44, 1.34)	0.77 (0.44, 1.35)	0.80 (0.45, 1.41)	0.75 (0.42, 1.33)
General obesity; (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m^2)	0.86 (0.62, 1.18)	0.92 (0.67, 1.27)	0.93 (0.67, 1.28)	0.89 (0.63, 1.25)	0.84 (0.60, 1.19)

Note: reference category in the first column is normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m²).
Model I: unadjusted model including the primary factor (obesity status) only; Model II: Model I plus age and race; Model III: Model II plus education; Model IV: Model III plus poverty status; Model V: Model IV plus alcohol use and smoking use; NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; CI: confidence interval; BMI: body mass index.