Ensemble Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous Artificial Neural Networks for Short-Term Wind Speed and Power Forecasting

Figure 9

Out-of-sample multi-step-ahead ensemble wind speed predictions obtained from weighted averaging of ANN forecasts from ensemble members using CFD and BI wind speed data as the exogenous input for NARX() ANNs (with and ). The dashed lines marked with circles delineate the 95% confidence intervals for the ensemble wind speed prediction using the CFD data.