Equivalent Air Spring Suspension Model for Quarter-Passive Model of Passenger Vehicles

Table 1

The lower bound and the upper bound of the constraint parameters.

Parameter	Lower bound	Upper bound	Unit
Initial pressure (in bag and reservoir)	100000	700000	kPa
Bag diameter	0.05	0.2	m
Bag height	0.1	0.75	m
Reservoir volume	0.01	0.3	m^3
Length of surge pipe	1	5	m
Diameter of surge pipe	0.003	0.025	m