Experience with Clinically Diagnosed Down Syndrome Children Admitted with Diarrhea in an Urban Hospital in Bangladesh
Table 1
Characteristics of the cases and the controls admitted to the Intensive Care Unit/High Dependency Unit/Longer Stay Unit of the Dhaka Hospital of icddr, b.
Characteristic
Cases
Controls
OR (95% CI)
value
()
()
(unadjusted)
Male
19 (59.4)
53 (55.2)
1.2 (0.49–2.9)
0.840
Age (months) (median, IQR) (range)
7.6 (4.0, 15.0)
9 (5, 16.8)
—
0.496
Temperature (Celsius) mean ± (SD)
37.3 ± 0.9
37.6 ± 1.07
—
0.151
Low socioeconomic status
20 (62.5)
61 (64.2)
0.9 (0.4–2.3)
0.960
Formula feeding
2 (2.1)
2 (1.6)
—
0.440
Developmental delay
17 (53.1)
3 (3.1)
64.5 (13.5–358.5)
<0.001
SAM
27 (84.4)
47 (49.5)
5.5 (1.8–17.9)
0.001
Dehydrating diarrhea
4 (12.5)
12 (12.5)
1.0 (0.27–0.43)
1.00
Pneumonia
22 (68)
43 (44.8)
2.7 (1.1–6.9)
0.320
Chronic lung disease
1 (3.1)
1 (1.0)
3.1 (0.0–116.2)
0.438
History of repeated RTI
1 (3.1)
3 (3.1)
1.0 (0.1–9.9)
1.00
Pulmonary TB
2 (6.3)
4 (4.2)
1.5 (0.2–10.5)
0.639
CHD
17 (53.1)
1 (1.0)
107.7 (13.2–2333.2)
<0.001
Hypothyroidism
3 (9.3)
0 (0.0)
—
0.006
Sepsis
3 (9.4)
0 (0.0)
—
0.010
HAI
5 (15.6)
2 (2.1)
8.7 (1.4–69.2)
0.010
Hypocalcemia (mmol/L)
4 (80.0)
2 (13.3)
26 (1.3–1187.8)
0.0139
Hypernatremia (mmol/L)
3 (16.7)
4 (12.9)
1.4 (0.2–8.6)
0.690
Total duration of hospital stay (median) IQR
6 (4.0, 10.0)
4 (2.0, 7.0)
—
0.009
Outcome (died)
1 (3.1)
1 (1.1)
0.3 (0.01–11.3)
0.410
Figures represent (%) unless indicated otherwise. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; IQR = interquartile range; SD = standard deviation. Hypocalcemia = low serum calcium levels (ref. value = 2.12 to 2.62 mmol/L). Hypernatremia = elevated sodium level in the blood (ref. value = 135–145 mmol/L). HAI = hospital acquired infections; CHD = congenital heart disease; RTI = repeated respiratory tract infection; SAM = severe acute malnutrition.
