Boosting Transmission System Flexibility in Network-Constrained Unit Commitment by Incorporating Distributed Series Reactors

<table class="table-group" id="tab4"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="9"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Parameter</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 29.5385ptpx;"><svg height="11.927pt" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 29.5385 11.927" width="29.5385pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M449 634C442 637 425 643 405 650C376 660 341 666 307 666C181 666 98 590 98 485C98 400 170 343 215 310L246 288C307 243 343 204 343 147C343 67 291 18 219 18C104 18 61 124 51 202L23 199C28 124 27 71 27 47C47 22 122 -16 204 -16C324 -16 428 60 428 174C428 256 379 309 307 360L276 382C223 419 179 455 179 516C179 576 221 632 293 632C379 632 410 564 418 487L448 490C446 536 446 592 449 634Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.267,0)"><path d="M699 369C699 549 575 666 407 666C186 666 23 488 23 278C23 101 145 -16 312 -16C535 -16 699 153 699 369ZM600 373C600 210 500 19 321 19C186 19 120 129 120 272C120 450 232 631 399 631C541 631 600 522 600 373Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.784,0)"><path d="M645 631C614 643 545 666 457 666C215 666 23 519 23 283C23 90 158 -16 337 -16C412 -16 489 2 522 10C543 39 590 127 606 167L580 181C519 89 459 18 348 18C201 18 122 136 122 287C122 464 244 632 435 632C544 632 602 595 608 472L639 475C643 526 645 581 645 631Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,24.403,3.132)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 24.6573ptpx;"><svg height="12.1044pt" id="M46" style="vertical-align:-0.2062998pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.8981 24.6573 12.1044" width="24.6573pt" 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-16C412 -16 489 2 522 10C543 39 590 127 606 167L580 181C519 89 459 18 348 18C201 18 122 136 122 287C122 464 244 632 435 632C544 632 602 595 608 472L639 475C643 526 645 581 645 631Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 24.6573ptpx;"><svg height="12.1044pt" id="M47" style="vertical-align:-3.4685pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 24.6573 12.1044" width="24.6573pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M449 634C442 637 425 643 405 650C376 660 341 666 307 666C181 666 98 590 98 485C98 400 170 343 215 310L246 288C307 243 343 204 343 147C343 67 291 18 219 18C104 18 61 124 51 202L23 199C28 124 27 71 27 47C47 22 122 -16 204 -16C324 -16 428 60 428 174C428 256 379 309 307 360L276 382C223 419 179 455 179 516C179 576 221 632 293 632C379 632 410 564 418 487L448 490C446 536 446 592 449 634Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.267,0)"><path d="M699 369C699 549 575 666 407 666C186 666 23 488 23 278C23 101 145 -16 312 -16C535 -16 699 153 699 369ZM600 373C600 210 500 19 321 19C186 19 120 129 120 272C120 450 232 631 399 631C541 631 600 522 600 373Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.784,0)"><path d="M645 631C614 643 545 666 457 666C215 666 23 519 23 283C23 90 158 -16 337 -16C412 -16 489 2 522 10C543 39 590 127 606 167L580 181C519 89 459 18 348 18C201 18 122 136 122 287C122 464 244 632 435 632C544 632 602 595 608 472L639 475C643 526 645 581 645 631Z"></path></g><rect height="0.65243" width="24.5577" x="0" y="2.11387"></rect></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 13.8005ptpx;"><svg height="15.1892pt" id="M48" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.8981 13.8005 15.1892" width="13.8005pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><rect height="0.65243" width="8.05108" x="0" y="-11.1958"></rect><g 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-12 156 4 196 30C231 53 296 100 346 166H348L328 81C311 10 325 -12 348 -12C380 -12 450 24 512 98L495 125C466 97 431 70 417 70C408 70 408 80 411 98L538 684ZM390 373L361 240C336 196 210 56 145 56C132 56 113 73 113 131C113 216 156 338 220 379C243 394 266 402 303 402C331 402 375 388 390 373Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 12.4029ptpx;"><svg height="15.1892pt" id="M50" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.8981 12.4029 15.1892" width="12.4029pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><rect height="0.65243" width="8.05108" x="0" y="-11.1958"></rect><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 480C600 590 528 650 384 650H143L137 622C222 614 225 607 210 531L130 127C113 41 106 36 23 28L17 0H294L300 28C204 36 195 42 212 127L243 284L314 263C327 263 339 263 352 264C465 271 600 337 600 480ZM508 481C508 351 402 304 329 304C289 304 265 311 250 317L295 559C302 594 310 606 323 611C335 616 350 619 367 619C455 619 508 573 508 481Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.051,3.132)"><path d="M387 400C387 425 348 451 303 451C247 451 176 414 132 376C69 322 24 228 24 148C24 43 74 -12 147 -12C211 -12 301 33 363 103L346 128C319 99 249 51 193 51C148 51 112 84 112 165C112 230 130 287 154 330C170 359 199 400 243 400C277 400 304 383 326 354C333 345 343 343 354 348C378 360 387 382 387 400Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 12.4029ptpx;"><svg height="12.5416pt" id="M51" style="vertical-align:-3.905701pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 12.4029 12.5416" width="12.4029pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 480C600 590 528 650 384 650H143L137 622C222 614 225 607 210 531L130 127C113 41 106 36 23 28L17 0H294L300 28C204 36 195 42 212 127L243 284L314 263C327 263 339 263 352 264C465 271 600 337 600 480ZM508 481C508 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colspan="9"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Value</td><td class="align_center">100 MWh</td><td class="align_center">200 MWh</td><td class="align_center">40 MWh</td><td class="align_center">40 MW</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">40 MW</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">95%</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="9"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems

tab4

Table 4

Table 4: Boosting Transmission System Flexibility in Network-Constrained Unit Commitment by Incorporating Distributed Series Reactors 