Two-Layer Coordinated Energy Management Method in the Smart Distribution Network including Multi-Microgrid Based on the Hybrid Flexible and Securable Operation Strategy

Table 5

The values of different technical indices in MGs and SDN.

MG1
Index		Case I	Case II	Case III	Case IV	Case V
Operation	Daily energy loss (MWh)	6.76	4.43	4.64	4.61	4.533
	Maximum voltage drop/overvoltage (p.u.)	0.102/0	0.071/0.045	0.080/0.043	0.070/0.05	0.079/0.046
	Minimum power factor of station	0.86	1	1	1	1
Security	Poor voltage bus	14	13	13	13	13
	Sum of WSI	19.33	22.021	21.985	22.212	22.164
	SE (MWh)	—	155.26	154.11	168.47	164.013
Flexibility	FE (MWh)	—	54.281	65.845	53.496	63.976
MG2
Index		Case I	Case II	Case III	Case IV	Case V
Operation	Daily energy loss (MWh)	5.89	3.974	4.112	4.106	4.067
	Maximum voltage drop/overvoltage (p.u.)	0.143/0	0.051/0.036	0.055/0.035	0.050/0.040	0.054/0.038
	Minimum power factor of station	0.88	0.90	0.90	0.90	0.90
Security	Poor voltage bus	12	12	12	12	12
	Sum of WSI	19.27	20.091	20.035	20.314	20.268
	SE (MWh)	—	117.562	116.792	126.113	123.849
Flexibility	FE (MWh)	—	25.192	33.458	24.277	30.953
MG3
Index		Case I	Case II	Case III	Case IV	Case V
Operation	Daily energy loss (MWh)	1.806	1.058	1.237	1.218	1.156
	Maximum voltage drop/overvoltage (p.u.)	0.136/0	0.022/0.015	0.028/0.013	0.021/0.017	0.026/0.016
	Minimum power factor of station	0.87	0.90	0.90	0.90	0.90
Security	Poor voltage bus	14	14	14	14	14
	Sum of WSI	19.48	22.175	22.057	22.846	22.619
	SE (MWh)	—	67.315	66.104	78.974	75.94
Flexibility	FE (MWh)	—	16.33	21.72	15.51	19.60
SDN
Index		Case I	Case II	Case III	Case IV	Case V
Operation	Daily energy loss (MWh)	2.75	1.73	1.974	1.952	1.87
	Maximum voltage drop/overvoltage (p.u.)	0.097/0	0.046/0.039	0.051/0.038	0.045/0.042	0.049/0.041
	Minimum power factor of station	0.83	0.93	0.92	0.92	0.92
Security	Poor voltage bus	18	31	31	31	31
	Sum of WSI	19.67	22.98	22.83	23.71	23.48
	SE (MWh)	—	88.371	86.922	99.213	96.975
Flexibility	FE (MWh)	—	14.545	18.387	13.794	16.311