The Pivotal Role of Airway Smooth Muscle in Asthma Pathophysiology

Table 1

Stimuli used to assess airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in vivo.

AHR	Mechanisms	Types	Stimuli
Nonspecific	Direct	Pharmacological	Methacholine [22]
			Histamine [23]
Nonspecific	Indirect	Physical	Exercise [24]
			Cold air, dry air [25]
			Eucapnic hyperventilation [26]
			Hypo osmolar solution [27]
Nonspecific	Indirect	Chemical	Adenosine monophosphate [28]
			Mannitol [27]
Specific	Indirect	Allergen	Pollens, House dust mites [29]