The Pivotal Role of Airway Smooth Muscle in Asthma Pathophysiology

Table 2

Contractile and relaxant mediators for ASM.

Types of mediators	Actions	Stimuli
Inflammatory	Contraction	Histamine [23]
		Tryptase [42]
		Prostanoids (PGF2α, PGD2, TXA2) [43]
		Cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) [22]
		Endothelin [44]
Neurotransmitters	Contraction	Acetylcholine [45]
		Neurokinine A [46]
		Substance P [46]
		Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide [47]
Inflammatory	Relaxation	Prostanoids (PGE2, PGI2) [48]
Neurotransmitters	Relaxation	Adrenaline [49]
		Noradrenaline [50]
		Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide [46]