Pathogenic Mechanisms and In Vitro Diagnosis of AERD

Table 2

NSAIDS: classification, mechanism of action, representative structures. NSAIDs can be classified based on their chemical structure or mechanism of action; older NSAIDs were classified by chemical structure or origin, newer ones more often by their mechanism of action; COX: cyclooxygenase, 5-LO: 5-lipoxygenase.

Chemical class	Example	Inhibitory action	Representative example
Salicylates	Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin), diflunisal, mesalamine, salsalate	Nonselective; COX-1, COX-2,
Propionic acid derivatives	Fenoprofen, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, oxaprozin	Nonselective, COX-1, COX-2
Acetic acid derivatives	Diclofenac, etodolac, indomethacin, ketorolac, nabumetone sulindac	Nonselective, COX-1, COX-2
Enolic acid (oxicam) derivatives	Droxicam, isoxicam meloxicam, piroxicam, tenoxicam	Nonselective, preferential COX-2
Sulphonanilides	Nimesulide	Nonselective, preferential COX-2
Selective COX-2 inhibitors (coxibs)	Celecoxib, parecoxib, etoricoxib	COX-2
p-amino phenol derivatives	Paracetamol, phenacetin	COX
Fenamic acid derivatives (fenamates)	Acid, flufenamic acid, meclofenamic, mefenamic acid	COX
Others	Licofelone	COX, 5-LO