Ethanol- and/or Taurine-Induced Oxidative Stress in Chick Embryos
Table 1
Effects of exogenous ethanol (EtOH) and/or taurine (Tau) on brain masses, brain caspase-3 (casp-3) activities, brain homocysteine (HoCys) levels, brain glutathione (GSH) levels, total brain thiol levels, and endogenous serum taurine levels in chick embryos at 11 days of development.
Exogenous taurine injected at
mg brain
Units of brain Casp-3 per mg brain protein
mol brain HoCys per g brain
pmol GSH per g brain protein
pmol total thiols per g brain protein
Endogenous serum taurine levels (M)
Controls (dH2O)
395.9 ± 144.0
22.32 ± 9.15
361.20 ± 71.186
105.61 ± 19.01
125.06 ± 24.16
16.53 ± 6.17
1.5 mmol EtOH/Kg egg
344.4 ± 101.9
41.00* ± 15.62
559.11 ± 93.53
87.40* ± 7.64
111.74 ± 63.60
36.76* ± 7.58
3.0 mmol EtOH/Kg egg
221.3* ± 76.6
40.64* ± 9.71
697.00* ± 112.24
84.68* ± 12.20
120.59 ± 48.44
50.58* ± 10.55
4 mol Tau/Kg egg (0.5 mg/Kg egg)
249.1* ± 94.4
37.29* ± 12.75
828.44* ± 120.19
79.40* ± 13.89
101.61 ± 22.03
39.49* ± 8.49
1.5 mmol EtOH/Kg egg and 4 mol Tau/Kg egg
291.2 ± 136.2
38.25* ± 14.28
1,122.13* ± 206.98
87.96* ± 18.92
62.48* ± 39.36
33.59* ± 8.52
3.0 mmol EtOH/Kg egg and 4 μmol Tau/Kg egg
349.4 ± 115.1
41.77* ± 14.34
901.43* ± 426.13
85.10* ± 7.79
156.39 ± 62.35
46.37* ± 1.59
ANOVA
=
3.93
3.03
16.61
4.69
5.27
10.86
df =
5, 79
5, 70
5, 46
5, 66
5, 70
3, 24
0.003
0.01
0.0001
0.001
0.0004
0.0001
Data presented as mean ± standard deviation. Units of Casp-3: one unit of caspase-3 is defined as the release of 1 pmol of AMC liberated per minute from the 0.3 mM AcDEVD-AMC substrate at 30°C.
*Experimental group differs from controls at .