Review Article

Emerging Photovoltaics: Organic, Copper Zinc Tin Sulphide, and Perovskite-Based Solar Cells

Table 5

Highest efficiencies of solar cells [30].

DeviceEfficiency (%)Area (cm2) (V) OC voltage mA/cm2 short circuit currentDescription

Organic thin film (measured under the global AM 1.5 spectrum (1000 W/m2) at 25°C)11.0 ± 0.30.993 (da)0.79319.40Toshiba [31]

Organic (mini module) (measured under the global AM 1.5 spectrum (1000 W/m2) at 25°C)9.7 ± 0.326.14 (da)0.68611.47Toshiba (eight-series cells)

CZTSSe (thin film) (not measured under the global AM 1.5 spectrum (1000 Wm−2) at 25°C) 12.6 ± 0.30.4209 (ap)0.513435.21IBM solution grown [32]

CZTS (thin film) (not measured under the global AM 1.5 spectrum (1000 Wm−2) at 25°C) 9.1 ± 0.20.2409 (da)0.70120.64Toyota Central R&D Labs [33]

Perovskite (thin film) (not measured under the global AM 1.5 spectrum (1000 Wm−2) at 25°C)20.1 ± 0.40.0955 (ap)1.05924.65KRICT [34]

Perovskite thin film (measured under the global AM 1.5 spectrum (1000 W/m2) at 25°C)15.0 ± 0.61.017 (ap)1.09020.61NIMS [35]

da: designated illumination area; ap: aperture area.