Modulation Instability of Ion-Acoustic Waves in Plasma with Nonthermal Electrons

Figure 2

Plot of 𝑃/𝑄 versus wave number 𝑘 for different values of ion temperature (𝜎_𝑖). Curves labelled a, b, and c correspond to 𝜎_𝑖=0.0145, 0.0155, and 0.0165, respectively. 𝜒=0.2, 𝜎_𝑝=0.015, and 𝛽=0.022.