Metabolic and Molecular Events Occurring during Chromoplast Biogenesis

Table 1

Expression profile analysis of 87 genes whose products are targeted to tomato chromoplasts (*).

	Photosystem: U313693 ATP synthase delta chain; U312985 glycine cleavage system H protein; U312532 oxygen-evolving enhancer protein.; Calvin cycle: U316424 fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase; U312544 ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/-oxygenase activase.; Secondary metabolism: U314139 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate synthase.
	Photosystem: U312690 plastocyanin; U312593 chlorophyll A-B binding protein 4; U314994 phosphoglycolate phosphatase.; Calvin cycle: U314788 fructose-bisphosphate aldolase; U312802 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase B; U312538 RuBisCO subunit binding-protein.; Redox: U314092 L-ascorbate peroxidase; U319145 thioredoxin family protein; U320487 monodehydroascorbate reductase.; Amino acid metabolism: U321505 anthranilate synthase; U317466 3-phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase; U317564 tryptophan synthase.; Lipid metabolism: U315474 3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) synthase I; U315475 3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) synthase I; U313753 pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component. Major CHO metabolism: U315116 starch excess protein (SEX1); U333011 isoamylase, putative; U312423 1, 4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme; U312427 1, 4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme.; Secondary metabolism: U314429 phytoene synthase; U315069 isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase II; U316915 geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase; U318137 phytoene dehydrogenase.; Tetrapyrrole synthesis: U315993 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase; U315267 uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase; U315567 hydroxymethylbilane synthase.; Mitochondrial electron transport: U316255 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase.; Fermentation, ADH: U314358 alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH).; Miscellaneous, cytochrome P450: U313813 NADPH-cytochrome p450 reductase.; S-assimilation. APS: U313496 sulfate adenylyltransferase 1.; Development unspecified: U316277 senescence-associated protein (SEN1).; Cell organisation: U313480 plastid lipid-associated protein PAP, putative.; Hormone metabolism: U315633 lipoxygenase.; N-metabolism ammonia metabolism: U323261 glutamate synthase (GLU1).; Stress abiotic heat: U315717 HS protein 70.; Not assigned, No ontology: U317890 hydrolase, alpha/beta fold family protein.
	Photosystem: U312531 oxygen-evolving enhancer protein; U313447 photosystem I reaction center subunit IV; U313204 chlorophyll A-B binding protein 2; U313245 ATP synthase gamma chain 1; U312436 chlorophyll A-B binding protein; U313211 chlorophyll A-B binding protein 2; U313212 chlorophyll A-B binding protein 2; U313213 chlorophyll A-B binding protein 2; U312572 photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex 23 (OEC23); U314260 photosystem I reaction center subunit III family protein.; Calvin cycle: U312344 fructose-bisphosphate aldolase; U312608 fructose-bisphosphate aldolase; U312609 fructose-bisphosphate aldolase; U314254 ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 1A; U314701 ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 3B.; Lipid metabolism: U319207 phosphatidylglycerol phosphate synthase (PGS1).; Redox: U313537 dehydroascorbate reductase.; Major CHO metabolism: U316416 glucan phosphorylase, putative.; N-metabolism: U314517 glutamine synthetase (GS2).; Amino acid metabolism: U317344 bifunctional aspartate kinase/homoserine dehydrogenase; U320667 cystathionine beta-lyase.
	Redox: U314061 peroxiredoxin Q; U314093 L-ascorbate peroxidase, thylakoid-bound (tAPX); U314923 2-cys peroxiredoxin.; OPP, Nonreductive PP: U315528 ribose 5-phosphate isomerase related; U332994 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase family protein; U316131 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase NAD-binding domain-containing protein.; Secondary metabolism: U317741 acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase carboxyl transferase alpha subunit family; U313450 geranylgeranyl reductase.; Amino acid metabolism: U317245 tryptophan synthase related.; N-metabolism ammonia metabolism: U317524 ferredoxin-nitrite reductase.; Lipid metabolism: U315697 enoyl-(acyl-carrier protein) reductase (NADH) U321151 lipoxygenase.; Transport metabolite: U312460 triose phosphate/phosphate translocator, putative.; Signalling calcium: U315961 calnexin 1 (CNX1).
	Photosystem: U312843 chlorophyll A-B binding protein; U312858 cytochrome B6-F complex iron-sulfur subunit; U313214 chlorophyll A-B binding protein 2; U312791 phosphoribulokinase (PRK); U317040 photosystem II reaction center PsbP family protein; U312449 chlorophyll A-B binding protein CP26; U312661 chlorophyll A-B binding protein CP29 (LHCB4); U313789 ATP synthase family.; Calvin cycle: U312461 glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase A; U312871 oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 3.; Redox: U315728 glutathione peroxidase.; OPP nonreductive PP transaldolase: U315064 transaldolase.; Signaling calcium: U318939 calcium-binding EF hand family protein.; Major CHO metabolism: U313315 beta amylase.

(*) Genes represented in this table are filtered from TED database [64] crossing with the proteins described by Barsan et al. [16]. The expression profiles were clustered with the Bioinformatics tools of the Matlab (MathWorks) software package and further reduced to five representative expression profiles according to their general tendencies represented in the first column. The expression values used in this analysis were taken from experiment E011 from TED database. Relative expression refers to the ratio between the expression values of each ripening point and MG. All data were normalized by the mean and log2 transformed. (a) Genes that remain stable during the ripening, (b) genes that have an increase or (c) a decrease until breaker stage and then reaches a plateau, (d) genes that have a positive or (e) negative transient expression around the breaker stage. (MG, mature green; B-1, 1 d before breaker; B, breaker stage; B + 1, 1 d after breaker; B + 5, 5 d after breaker; B + 10, 10 d after breaker.)