Holistic Diagnosis of Rising Damp and Salt Attack in Two Residential Buildings in Kumasi, Ghana

Table 4

Percentage ionic concentrations of soil samples from Case Study 1 and Case Study 2.

	Case  1			Case  2
Type of ion	Depth			Depth
	0.3 m	0.4 m	1.5 m	0.3 m	0.4 m	1.5 m
F^−	0.000	0.001	0.001	0.000	0.000	0.001
Cl^−	0.025*	0.037*	0.211*	0.050*	0.065*	0.120*
Br^−	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
NO2^−	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
NO3^−	0.012	0.001	0.010	0.023*	0.034*	0.067*
PO4^2−	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
SO4^2−	0.023*	0.027*	0.035*	0.032*	0.047*	0.058*
Na^+	0.020*	0.033*	0.042*	0.034*	0.038*	0.044*
NH4^−	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
K^+	0.009	0.005	0.003	0.021*	0.030*	0.045*
Ca^2+	0.007	0.017	0.005	0.006	0.003	0.012
Mg^2+	0.027*	0.053*	0.031*	0.021*	0.005	0.000

∗Predominant ions with percentage concentrations above 0.020%.