Best Piecewise Monotonic Data Approximation in Overhead and Underground Medium-Voltage and Low-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks: Theoretical and Practical Transfer Function Determination

Figure 13

PES of distribution BPL topologies when various coupling schemes are applied and different fault NDs (mean and variable standard deviation ) are considered. (a) Overhead MV/BPL networks. (b) Overhead LV/BPL networks. (c) Underground MV/BPL networks. (d) Underground LV/BPL networks.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)