Alumina-Based Ceramics for Armor Application: Mechanical Characterization and Ballistic Testing

Table 3

Standard STANAG 4569 test parameters for armored vehicles at different levels of ballistic protection.

Level of ballistic protection	Threat	Ammunition type	Test distance (m)	Projectile velocity (±15 m/s)
I	Rifle	7.62 × 51 NATO Ball (Ball M80)	30	833
		5.56 × 45 NATO SS109		900
		5.56 × 45 M193		937
II	Infantry rifle	7.62 × 39 APIBZ	30	695
III	Sniper rifle	7.62 × 51 AP ( WC core)	30	930
		7.62 × 54 R B32 API (Dragunov)	30	854
IV	Heavy machine gun	14.5 × 114 AP/832	200	911
V	Automatic cannon	25 mm APDS-TM-791 or TLB 073	500	1258