Motorist's Response to an Increase in Traffic Fines
Table 3
Effect of a raise in fines on the number of fines for speeding on the motorway, detected by an ASMS.
Variable
Coefficient
-Statistic
Constant
324.575**
30.039
Fine amount
−0.139*,†
−1.812
Unemployment
−0.142**
−5.809
GDP
−1.032**
−10.131
Yearly trend
−0.155**
−28.903
Seasona
Summer
0.073**
10.592
Autumn
−0.212**
−31.464
Winter
−0.067**
−10.440
Truck, bus, or trailer
−3.628**
−166.403
Maximum speedb
80 km/h
2.307**
146.976
90 km/h
1.044**
52.432
100 km/h
0.823**
56.882
+15 location dummiesc
+37 dummies for the number of kilometers with which the speed limit was exceededc
Number of observations
116,812
Adjusted 1st stage
0.998
Adjusted generalized 2nd staged
0.925
Significantly different from 0 at 90% level.
**Significantly different from 0 at 95% level. †Significantly different from −1 at 95% level.
aSpring is the reference category.
b120 km/u is the reference category.
cThe results for all the dummy variables are available upon request.
dSee Pesaran and Smith [23].