Prophylaxis of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Adolescent Patients: A Review with Emphasis on Combination of Fixed-Dose Ondansetron and Transdermal Scopolamine

Table 1

Prophylactic antiemetic agents supported by medical evidence for use in pediatric and adult patients. The high end of the pediatric range often overlaps or is equivalent to the recommended adult dose [20].

Drug	Type of drug	Pediatric dose	Adult dose	Comment
Dexamethasone	Corticosteroid	150 μg/kg up to 5 mg	4-5 mg	Adult and pediatric doses overlap
Dimenhydrinate	Antihistamine	0.5 mg/kg up to 25 mg	1 mg/kg
Dolasetron	5-HT3 antagonist	350 μg/kg up to 12.5 mg	12.5 mg	Adult and pediatric doses overlap
Droperidol	Antidopaminergic drug	10–15 μg/kg up to 1.25 mg	0.625–1.25 mg	Black box warnings, high risk of sedation
Granisetron	5-HT3 antagonist	40 μg/kg up to 0.6 mg	0.35–1.5 mg	Adult and pediatric doses overlap
Ondansetron	5-HT3 antagonist	50–100 μg/kg up to 4 mg	4 mg	Adult and pediatric doses overlap
Perphenazine	Phenothiazine (antipsychotic)	70 μg/kg up to 5 mg	NA	Only oral formulation is available in USA
Tropisetron	5-HT3 antagonist	0.1 mg/kg up to 2 mg	2 mg	Adult and pediatric doses overlap