Cellular Injury of Cardiomyocytes during Hepatocyte Growth Factor Gene Transfection with Ultrasound-Triggered Bubble Liposome Destruction
Figure 3
(a) Effect of culture period after transfection of HGF DNA on HGF protein production using 60 μg of DNA and particles/mL liposome with three 30-sec insonifications and 15-min incubation with DNA. Baseline was the concentration of rat HGF protein in the culture medium around rat cardiomyocytes without any intervention at the beginning of cell culture. * versus baseline; ** versus 24 hours after the onset of culture; *** versus 48 hours after the onset of culture. (b) Effect of amount of plasmid DNA on HGF protein production using particles/mL liposome with three 30-sec insonifications and 15-min incubation with DNA. “DNA alone” indicates the concentration of rat HGF protein in the culture medium of cardiomyocytes treated with 60 μg DNA without insonification. * versus DNA alone. (c) Effect of incubation period of cardiomyocytes with plasmid DNA and liposome on HGF protein production using 60 μg of DNA and particles/mL liposome with three 30-sec insonifications. * versus DNA alone. (d) Effect of insonification time on protein production using 60 μg of DNA, particles/mL liposome, and 15-min incubation with DNA, and three 30- or 60-sec insonifications. * versus DNA alone. (e) Effect of liposome concentration on HGF protein production using 60 μg of DNA with three 30-sec insonifications and 15-min incubation with DNA. * versus DNA alone; ** versus 0 particles/mL; *** versus particles/mL. (f) Effect of repetition of insonification on HGF protein production using 6 μg of DNA and particles/mL liposome with 15-min incubation with DNA. * versus DNA alone; ** versus 1 time; *** versus 5 times.
