Changes in Regulating Ecosystem Services following Establishing Exclosures on Communal Grazing Lands in Ethiopia: A Synthesis
Table 1
Mean values (n = 3, ±SE) of aboveground carbon stocks (Mg C ha−1) and soil carbon stocks (Mg C ha−1) in the 0–0.2 m depth in paired exclosures and adjacent communal grazing lands.
Exclosure duration
Landscape position
Exclosure
Grazing land
Difference
Soil C
Woody C
Soil C
Woody C
Soil C
Woody C
5
Upper slope
62.5 (3.4)
2.0 (0.6)
35.8 (3.2)
0.44 (0.2)
26.7 (3.7)**
1.56 (0.4)*
Mid slope
59.4 (6.2)
1.8 (0.5)
41.7 (7.0)
0.30 (0.1)
17.7 (2.4)
1.50 (0.6)*
Foot slope
68.8 (5.4)
3.1 (0.1)
35.3 (2.7)
0.41 (0.1)
33.5 (6.7)**
2.69 (0.2)**
10
Upper slope
73.3 (7.4)
8.3 (2.0)
31.2 (7.6)
0.48 (0.1)
42.1 (6.5)*
7.82 (1.7)*
Mid slope
69.6 (10.0)
4.7 (0.6)
24.2 (0.5)
0.57 (0.1)
45.4 (9.5)*
4.13 (0.6)**
Foot slope
70.1 (6.1)
3.5 (0.3)
28.4 (3.0)
0.69 (0.2)
41.7 (7.6)**
2.81 (0.5)**
15
Upper slope
69.4 (7.9)
7.1 (2.0)
31.9 (3.6)
0.07 (0.0)
37.5 (6.1)*
7.03 (2.8)*
Mid slope
68.6 (7.8)
6.6 (1.1)
33.4 (1.9)
0.06 (0.0)
35.2 (6.3)*
6.54**(1.1)
Foot slope
78.6 (2.0)
8.1 (0.3)
36.6 (25)
0.09 (0.0)
42 (3.6)**
8.01 (0.3)**
20
Upper slope
92.7 (8.7)
8.8 (2.0)
41.8 (8.5)
1.20 (0.2)
50.9 (6.6)*
7.60 (2.6)*
Mid slope
81.4 (12.7)
5.8 (0.9)
38.5 (4.6)
0.98 (0.1)
42.9 (8.1)*
4.82 (1.5)*
Foot slope
106.8 (6.4)
9.3 (2.5)
39.4 (4.3)
1.02 (0.2)
67.4 (5.6)**
8.28 (2.1)*
Differences in soil carbon concentration, soil carbon stocks, and woody biomass carbon stocks (calculated as: exclosure − adjacent grazing land) were significant at *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (paired t-test).
