Application of the Fuel-Optimal Energy Management in Design Study of a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Table 3

Nominal parameters of HEV.

Component	Specification
ICE (1.9 l DOHC SI engine)	Peak torque/power	165-Nm/95-kW
	Optimum consumption	244 g/kWh
	Power density	3.2 kg/kW
EM (PMDC)	Peak torque/power	300-Nm/30-kW
	Peak efficiency	91%
	Power density (with accessories)	3 kg/kW
Battery pack (Saft lithium-ion battery)	Capacity	12 Ah
	Power density	120 Wh/kg
	Power/energy density	2.81 kW/Ah