Institutionalization-Free Survival and Health Care Costs among Quebec Community-Dwelling Elderly Patients with Dementia

Table 3

Direct health care costs (in Canadian dollars) during the first year and five years after index date.

	Year 1			Years 1–5
	Dementia cohort; n = 37,138	Reference cohort; n = 37,138	Difference; (95% CI)	Dementia cohort; n = 37,138	Reference cohort n = 37,138	Difference; (95% CI)
Costs CAD$ (SD)
Prescription drugs
Cholinesterase inhibitors	1,285 (651)	n/a	1,285 (1,278–1,292)	3,638 (3,335)	n/a	3,638 (3,603–3,672)
Other drugs	1,635 (1,766)	1,677 (2,054)	−42 (−70–−15)	5,581 (6,952)	6,899 (10,160)	−1,318 (−1,442–−1,192)
Total drugs	2,920 (2,016)	1,677 (2,054)	1,243 (1,213–1,271)	9,219 (8,974)	6,899 (10,160)	2,320 (2,182–2,458)
Physician encounters	997 (1,274)	1,056 (1,726)	−60 (−81–−38)	2,681 (2,760)	2,777 (3,636)	−96 (−142–−49)
Hospitalizations	3,691 (8,631)	2,644 (8,083)	1,047 (937–1,168)	10,956 (17,054)	7,603 (15,093)	3,353 (3,122–3,585)
Institutionalizations	753 (5,894)	71 (1,843)	682 (619–745)	15,344 (57,649)	1,763 (21,529)	13,581 (12,955–14,207)
Total health care	8,360 (11,667)	5,448 (9,970)	2,912 (2,756–3,068)	38,200 (62,180)	19,041 (31,404)	19,159 (18,450–19,867)