Forecasting the Cumulative Confirmed Cases with the FGM and Fractional-Order Buffer Operator in Different Stages of COVID-19

Table 2

The prediction performance.

	FGM		FGM + SBO		GM (1, 1)
	MAPE (%)	RMSE	MAPE (%)	RMSE	MAPE (%)	RMSE
ITA	11.981	1205.576	3.494	271.156	25.601	1845.407
ESP	40.725	2543.256	15.663	837.511	55.579	2940.273
GBR	23.465	370.812	11.868	168.288	30.117	377.849
JPN	2.339	7.204	2.353	6.804	9.244	23.669
USA	38.152	1806.701	31.574	1503.262	52.140	2229.252
RSA	46.091	497.059	29.366	303.475	48.347	491.166
CHN	7.179	611.061	7.179	611.061	26.316	2267.579

ITA, EPS, GBR, JPN, USA, RSA, and CHN indicate Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, Japan, the United States, the Republic of South Africa, and mainland China separately.