Analysis of Urban Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Forest Ecological Services Based on the Multilayer Linear Model

Table 1

Related variable definitions and descriptive statistics.

Variable name	Variable definitions	Mean	St.d
Willingness to pay for forest ecosystem services	1 = willing, 0 = unwilling	0.43	0.51
Regional characteristics
CPI	Changes in household purchases of consumer goods and services during the year	101.2	99.5
Per capita GDP	per capita GDP during the year (ten thousand yuan)	4.79	4.11
Average wage of urban workers	Average wage level of urban workers in the region (ten thousand yuan)	6.74	5.29
Per capita social security expenditure	Per capita social security expenditure in the region (ten thousand yuan)	0.31	0.35
Proportion of education practitioners	Proportion of education practitioners in the region (%)	2.67	2.74
Individual characteristics
Gender	1 = male, 0 = female	0.51	0.52
Age	1 = 22 years old and below, 2 = 22–60 years old, 3 = 60 years old and above	2.51	2.53
Education level	1 = Elementary school and below, 2 = middle school, 3 = college and above	2.89	2.90
Monthly income status	1 = 2000 and below, 2 = 2000–5000, 3 = 5000 and above	2.19	2.35
Place of residence	1 = Central Shaanxi, 2 = Northern Shaanxi, 3 = Southern Shaanxi	1.87	2.11
Environmental awareness	1 = well, 2 = better, 3 = general, 4 = poor, 5 = very poor	3.71	3.83