Review Article

An Engineering Perspective of External Cardiac Loop Recorder: A Systematic Review

Table 6

Electrode placement for different type of wearable.

Ref. paperWearable typeNumber of electrodesType of electrodesPlacement of electrodes

[25]Tight fitted sleeveless topDry Ag/AgCl electrodeChest line

[26]Wearable
(vital jacket system)
On chest

[27]BioShirt33 M Ag/AgCl 2223 monitoring electrode which has foam tape and sticky gelECG limb leads and augmented unipolar limb leads

[28]Belt type2ECGRA-LA 11 cm apart through midline on chest

[29]Wearable belt4ECGChannel 1 (+), in the fifth intercostal space in anterior axillary line. Channel 1 (−), manubrium of sternum on the right side.
Channel 2 (+), on sternum on the same altitude as the fourth intercostal space. Channel 2 (−), left subclavian area.
Ground: in the fifth intercostal space in midaxillary line

[30]Wearable chest harnessCoin sized dry-contact electrodesOn chest

[31]Wearable chest belt2ECGOn chest

[32]Chest belt2On chest

[33]Wearable ECG vest3Ag-AgClThree Velcro tapes in neck, back, and waist

[34]Wearable3Ag/AgClLA, RA, RF

[35]Wearable3RA-LA 5 cm through midline and LL-LA end to center of LL 6 cm down

[36]Wearable3Einthoven triangle

[37]3ECGRA-RL-LA placed b/w midline & distance RA-LA is 5 cm. LL is 5 cm down from RA-LA line and 5 cm left from midline

[38]Sensors on the lumbar support cushion of the seat

[39]10Standard positions to generate 12 leads

[40]3Einthoven triangle

[41]3ECGRA-LA-RL

[42]Dry clamp electrodesLocated on the wrists

[43]2Capacitive coupling electrodesOn chest
lead I

[44]1212-lead ECG system

[45]QUASAR’s capacitive bioelectrodes (can measure with clothes)Integrated into a pad system that is placed over a chair

[46]1212-lead standard placement

[47]3Einthoven triangle

[48]Patch-type electrodeOn chest

[49]1212-lead standard placement

[50]Wet gel Ag/AgCl electrodes (Ambu, Blue Sensor R)Below the left pectoral muscle

[51]3(RA, LA, RL), lead II

[52]Not wearable3LA, RA, LF (separated by 10 cm) and an extra electrode placed on RL (forms an equilateral triangle)

[53]Not wearable4RA, LA, LL, RL