Diversity of Mushrooms and Their Metabolites of Nutraceutical and Therapeutic Significance

Table 4

Diversity of nutraceutical and therapeutic metabolite producing mushrooms found in class Gasteromycetes.

Order	Family	Important genera	Therapeutic/nutritional value	References
Lycoperdales	Lycoperdaceae; Geastraceae	Calvatia; Lycoperdon; Radiigera; Geastrum	Calvatia gigantea and Calvatia caelata are used in burnt cases due to their anesthetic nature.; Calvatia spp. are also used to stop bleeding from wounds.; Calvacin isolated from Calvatia gigantea having antitumor activity.; Lycoperdon pusillum is used to cure sores, abrasion or bruises, deep cut, hemorrhages, and urinary infections.	[35–37]
Tulostomatales	Calostomataceae; Tulostomataceae	Calostoma; Tulostoma; Battarrea	Calostoma cinnabarina has been recorded to be an edible mushroom. Antibacterial activity has been reported in Tulostoma obesum.	[38, 39]
Sclerodermatales		Scleroderma; Astraeus; Pisolithus	Polysaccharide from Astraeus hygrometricus has been reported for macrophage stimulation.	[40]
Phallales	Phallaceae; Clathraceae	Mutinus Pseudocolus Linderia	—	[9]
Nidulariales	Nidulariaceae Sphaerobolaceae	Nidularia Sphaerobolus	—	[9]