Role of Nicotinamide in DNA Damage, Mutagenesis, and DNA Repair

Table 1

Animal models of nicotinamide or niacin effect on carcinogenesis.

Animal	Carcinogen	Form of nicotinamide (dose)	Organ	Effect on tumor	Ref.
Mouse	None	Oral	All	None	[40]
Mouse	UV	Topical(200 𝜇M)	Skin	Inhibition	[52]
Mouse	UVB	Oral (niacin)(0.5%; 1% diet)	Skin	Inhibition	[53]
Mouse	TPA	Topical (150 𝜇M)	Skin	Inhibition	[54]
Mouse	DMBA and Croton oil	Oral(0.2% diet)	Skin	None	[55]
Mouse	Urethane	Oral (0.25%; 0.4% diet) Oral (niacin) (0.25% diet)	Lung	Inhibition	[41]
			Lung	None
Mouse	Urethane	Oral (1%; 2.5% diet)	Lung	Inhibition	[42]
Rat	ENU	Oral (niacin) (0.4% diet)	Bone marrow (haemopoeitic cells)	Inhibition	[43]
Rat	Bracken fern	Oral (0.5% diet)	Intestine	Inhibition	[56]
			Bladder	Inhibition
Hamster	BOB	ip (30 mg/kg bw)	Pancreas	Inhibition	[57]
Rat	DEN	ip (350–500 mg/kg bw)	Kidney	Increase	[46]
			Liver	Inhibition
Rat	DEN	Oral (0.082%; 0.37%)	Kidney	Increase	[47]
Rat	Streptozotocin	ip (350 mg/kg bw)	Pancreas	Increase	[48]
Rat	Streptozotocin	ip (350 mg/kg bw)	Kidney	Inhibition	[49]
Rat	Heliotrine	ip (500 mg/kg bw)	Pancreas	Increase	[50]
Mouse	Transplanted murine breast adenocarcinoma	Oral (2.5%; 5%)	Recipient subcutaneous tissue	Inhibition	[44]
Mouse	Transplanted murine breast adenocarcinoma	ip (1000 mg/kg bw)	Recipient subcutaneous tissue	Inhibition	[45]