Artificial Specific Binders Directly Recovered from Chemically Modified Nucleic Acid Libraries

Table 2

Comparison of binding affinities in thrombin-binding natural/modified nucleic acid aptamers.

Aptamer type	Chemical structure	Binding affinity 𝐾𝑑	References
Natural RNA		9.3 ± 1.0 nM	[63]
Natural RNA		0.54 ± 1.0 nM	[64]
Modified RNA		7.2 nM	[65]
Modified RNA/DNA hybrid		26 nM	[66]
Natural DNA		113 nM	[67]
Natural DNA		0.5 nM	[68]
Modified DNA		400 nM	[69]