Splicing Programs and Cancer

Table 1

Summary of studies using different approaches (1: high throughput RT-PCR, 2: Affymetrix junctions arrays; 3: Affymetrix exon arrays; 4: exonhit arrays; 5: custom arrays) to identify misregulated gene at the splicing level in cancer. Bioinformatic gene pathway analyses.

	Samples	#	Genes functions	References
	Pooled human normal and tumor samples	1	*Cellular architecture, plasticity and movement	[33]
	26 human breast cancer cell lines and 5 nonmalignant immortalized cell lines	2	*Signaling (axon guidance, ephrin receptor, integrin, and tight junctions), cytoskeleton organization, biogenesis, and cell signaling	[34]
Breast	Nonmetastatic (67NR, 168FARN) and metastatic (4T07, 4T1) mouse primary tumors	3	*Cellular morphology, and cellular movement	[35]
	168FARN, 4T07 and 4T1 mouse primary tumors	3	*Cell growth, cell interactions, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell-to-cell signaling, cell death	[36]
	120 human breast tumors and 45 benign lesions	4		[37]
	18 paired samples of human lung tumors and normal adjacent tissues	3	Remodeling of the cytoskeleton and cell movement	[38]
Lung	20 paired of human primary lung tumors and adjacent normal tissues	3	*Tissue development, cellular growth and proliferation, tissue morphology, and immune response	[39]
	20 paired of human primary lung tumors and adjacent normal tissues	5	Cell adhesion, differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, migration, cytoskeleton, trafficking	[40]
	29 paired of human primary lung tumors and adjacent normal tissues	5	Cell signaling, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cytoskeleton	[41]
	10 paired of human colon primary tumors and adjacent normal tissues	3	*Cell motility and organization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and matrix organization	[42]
Digestive tract	20 human colon adenocarcinoma and 10 normal samples	3	Cancer-related, cytoskeleton, matrix organization, Wnt signaling	[43]
	12 samples of isolated cells from 10 patients	3		[44]
	83 human colorectal tissue samples	3		[45]
	14 pediatric medulloblastomas and 5 samples of normal cerebellum	3	Neuronal differentiation, cancer progression: cytoskeleton remodeling, cell morphology regulation, and cell-to-cell interaction	[46]
Brain	47 human neuroblastoma samples in stage 1 and stage 4 with normal or amplified MYCN copy number	3	*Nervous system development, cell adhesion, synaptic transmission, and cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis	[47]
	24 human glioblastoma and 12 nontumor samples	3	Splicing, intracellular transport and cell migration, central nervous system, notch signaling, cell adhesion, apoptosis, cell growth	[48]
	26 human glioblastoma, 22 oligodendrogliomas and 6 nontumor samples	3		[49]