Fabric Defect Detection Using Local Homogeneity Analysis and Neural Network

Table 1

Example of fabric defect types.

Defect type	Definition	Reasons
Floats	A portion of a yarn in a fabric that extends or floats, unbound, over two or more adjacent ends or picks	It is caused by missing of interlacement of two series of threads
Holes	A fabric area free of both warp and weft threads	It is a mechanical fault caused by a broken machine part
Oil stains	Fabric area contains oil spots	It is caused by too much oiling on loom parts or from other external sources
Slubs	A local uneven fabric thickness	It is caused by an extra piece of yarn that is woven into fabric. It can also be caused by thick places in the yarn or by fly waste being spun in yarn during the spinning process
Knots	A fabric place where two ends of yarn have been tied together and the tails of the knot are protruding from the surface	It is caused by tying spools of yarn ends together
Miss-end	A warp thread is absent in the fabric for a short or long distance	It is due to incorrect warping or by a broken warp thread that never replaced by another one
Miss-pick	A weft thread is absent in the fabric for a short or long distance	It is caused by incorrect picking or if the weaver restarted the loom after any stoppage without adapting the position for the new insertion